Abstract Introduction: The relative age effect is prevalent in different elite team sports. However, little is known about this phenomenon in high-level adult male futsal players. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of relative age effect in Brazilian male elite futsal players, and its relationship with playing position and goals scored on Brazil National Futsal Leagues (BNFL) from 2016 to 2020. Methods: The distribution of birth dates, playing positions, and goals scored by male participants of the Brazil National Futsal Leagues were analyzed. Chi-squared tests were used to analyze the birth dates distribution based on quarters and semesters of the year, according to playing position (defender, winger, pivot, and goalkeeper) and scoring performance (high and low). Results: The overall analysis indicated that the relative age effect is prevalent on the pool of athletes analyzed. However, this effect was position-dependent, since relatively older athletes were overrepresented only in wingers and defenders playing positions. On the other hand, scoring performance was not associated with the relative age effect, since this effect was found in both performance levels. Conclusion: Relative age effects are prevalent in Brazilian male elite futsal athletes, especially for defenders and wingers. Considering the high level of competitiveness for spots in elite futsal teams, coaches and sports administrators must be educated about the prevalence of the relative age effect in this sporting context. This is necessary in order to reduce the inequalities generated by age categories based on arbitrary cut-off dates, which may reduce potential talent loss.

INTRODUÇÃO: O autoconceito é uma estrutura formada por redes de esquemas cognitivos, dentre os quais se encontram os esquemas de gênero (esquema masculino e esquema feminino). De acordo com o Modelo Interativo, todos os indivíduos possuem os dois esquemas de gênero, dos quais resultam diferentes perfis psicológicos. OBJETIVO: Avaliar se atletas de futsal que diferem quanto à tipologia dos esquemas de gênero apresentam diferenças na composição corporal e nos níveis de aptidão física. MÉTODOS: A amostra inicial foi composta por 92 atletas do sexo masculino, classificados em grupos tipológicos de esquemas de gênero: Heteroesquemático Masculino (HM), Heteroesquemático Feminino (HF) e Isoesquemático (ISO). Para a classificação da amostra em grupos tipológicos foi utilizado o Inventário Masculino dos Esquemas de Gênero do Autoconceito (IMEGA). Foram utilizados os testes Squat Jump, Counter Movement Jump e Running Anaerobic Sprint Test; para mensurar, respectivamente, força explosiva e potência anaeróbia. Para a análise dos resultados foram utilizadas ANOVA One Way, ANOVA Mista e MANOVA. RESULTADOS: Os resultados demonstraram que os grupos HM, ISO e HF não apresentaram diferenças quanto à composição corporal, mas que os HM apresentaram índice médio de fadiga maior do que os grupos ISO e HF. Na avaliação dos seis tiros executados pelos atletas, observou-se que o grupo HM apresentou maior variação entre a potência máxima inicial e a final, quando comparado aos demais grupos. CONCLUSÃO: Os resultados permitem concluir que os diferentes perfis psicológicos adéquam-se melhor ao desempenho de determinadas posições do jogo e/ou a determinadas situações específicas durante o jogo

INTRODUCTION: Self-concept is a structure formed by cognitive schemas, among of these there are gender schemas (male and female schemas). According to the Interactive Model, all individuals are composed of both schemas resulting in different psychological profile. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate if futsal athletes who differ in gender schemas typological groups present differences in body composition and physical fitness level. METHOD: The initial sample was composed of 92 male athletes, who were classified in the following gender schema typological group: Male Heteroshematic (MH), Female Heteroshematic (FH) and Isoshematic (ISO). In order to classify the sample in typological groups, the Male Inventory of the Self-Concept's Gender Schemas (IMEGA) was used. The Squat Jump, Counter Movement Jump and Running Anaerobic Sprint Tests were used to assess explosive power and anaerobic capacity, respectively. The results were analyzed with Analysis of Variance (ANOVA): One Way, Mixed and Manova. RESULTS: The results showed no differences in body composition, but MH presented more fatigue than the ISO and FH groups. In the assessment of six sprints executed by the athletes, it was observed that MH presented more variation between the initial and final maximum power, when compared with the other groups. CONCLUSION: These results lead to the conclusion that different psychological profiles adapt better to some game positions performance and/or to some specific situations during the game. Finally, it is suggested that the psychological profile must be used as a criterion in the selection of the athletes, considering also physiological and technical factors

OBJETIVO: avaliar o desempenho isocinético da musculatura extensora e flexora do joelho em atletas de futsal nos membros DO e ND. METODOLOGIA: participaram 23 atletas, com idade de 27,1 ± 3,6 anos, massa corporal 72,7 ± 12,6kg e estatura 1,75 ± 6,7m. Realizou-se 6 repetições máximas nas velocidades de 60, 120, 180 e 300º.s-1, em ordem crescente no dinamômetro isocinético. Avaliou-se pico de torque (PT), PT normalizado (PTN), PT médio (PTM), potência média (PM), trabalho total da repetição máxima (TTRM) e quantidade de trabalho total (QTT). RESULTADOS: no movimento de flexão, a PM 180º.s-1 foi 6,7% maior no membro DO (p < 0,05). No movimento de extensão, o ND superou o DO (p < 0,05), sendo: PT 60º.s-1 (+7,6%), PTN 60º.s-1 (+7,0%), TTRM 120º.s-1 (+6,0%), PM 60º.s-1 (+6,6%) e 120º.s-1 (+5,2%), QTT 60º.s-1 (+6,9%) e 120º.s-1 (+7,5%) e PTM 60º.s-1 (+7,3%) e 120º.s-1 (+5,2%). Exceto pela PM e TTRM, todas as variáveis apresentaram maior desempenho a 60º.s-1. CONCLUSÃO: apesar das diferenças entre DO e ND, essas diferenças não os predispõem à incidência de lesões.

OBJECTIVE: to evaluate the performance of isokinetic muscle extensor and flexor of the knee in athletes of futsal in DO and ND members. METHODS: 23 athletes, with age 27.1 ± 3.6 years, body mass 72.7 ± 12.6kg and height 1.75 ± 6.7m participated of study. Were performed 6 maximum repetitions at 60, 120, 180 e 300º.s-1 speeds, in ascending order on the isokinetic dynamometer. We evaluated peak torque (PT), normalized PT (PTN), medium PT (PTM), mean power (MP), total work of repetition maximum (TTRM) and total work (QTT). RESULTS: in flexion movement, the PM 180º.s-1 was 6.7% higher in the DO member (p < 0.05). In extension the ND was higher than the DO (p < 0.05), as follows: PT 60º.s-1 (+7,6%), PTN 60º.s-1 (+7,0%), TTRM 120º.s-1 (+6,0%), PM 60º.s-1 (+6,6%) e 120º.s-1 (+5,2%), QTT 60º.s-1 (+6,9%) e 120º.s-1 (+7,5%) e PTM 60º.s-1 (+7,3%) e 120º.s-1 (+5,2%). Except for PM and TTRM all variables showed higher performance to 60º.s-1. CONCLUSION: despite the differences between DO vs ND, these differences did not predispose the incidence of injuries.

OBJETIVO: evaluar el desempeño isocinético de los musculaos extensores y flexores de la rodilla en atletas de fútbol sala en miembro dominante y no dominante. MÉTODOS: 23 atletas, con edad 27,1 ± 3,6 años, la masa corporal 72,7 ± 12,6kg y la altura de 1,75 ± 6,7m participaron del estudio. Se realizó 6 repeticiones máximas, a velocidades de 60, 120, 180 y 300º.s-1, en orden ascendente en el dinamómetro isocinético. Se evaluó: pico de torque (PT), PT normalizado (PTN), PT medio (PTM), potencia media (PM), trabajo total de la repetición máxima (TTRM) y cantidad de trabajo total (CTT). RESULTADOS: el movimiento de flexión, la PM 180º.s-1 fue de 6,7% mayor en el miembro DO (p < 0,05). En el movimiento de extensión el miembro ND superó el de DO (p < 0,05), de la siguiente manera: PT 60º.s-1 (+7,6%), PTN 60º.s-1 (+7,0%), TTRM 120º.s-1 (+6,0%), PM 60º.s-1 (+6,6%) e 120º.s-1 (+5,2%), QTT 60º.s-1 (+6,9%) e 120º.s-1 (+7,5%) e PTM 60º.s-1 (+7,3%) e 120º.s-1 (+5,2%). Excepto por la PM y TTRM todas las variables presentaron mayor desempeño a 60º.s-1. CONCLUSIÓN: a pesar de las diferencias entre DO y ND, estas diferencias no predisponen a la incidencia de las lesiones.